Inbrija (levodopa inhalation powder) is an inhalable rescue medication specifically designed for patients with Parkinson's disease. The standard dose is two 42mg capsules (a total of 84mg) per inhalation, with a maximum of 5 uses per day. This medication must be used with a dedicated inhaler and can relieve "off" - phase symptoms within 10 - 15 minutes, but it cannot replace regular oral treatment regimens.

What is the Dosage and Administration of Levodopa Inhalation Powder?

The correct administration method of levodopa inhalation powder is crucial for its therapeutic effect and must be strictly followed under professional guidance.

Standard Dosing Regimen

It is recommended to use the medication immediately when "off" - phase symptoms appear:

Single dose: 84mg (2×42mg capsules)

Daily maximum: 5 times (420mg)

Dosing interval: At least 1 hour

Administration Route and Dosage

Levodopa inhalation powder is an oral inhalation medication and must be used exclusively with the dedicated inhaler. The contents of the capsules take effect after inhalation and must not be swallowed. The recommended dosage is that when the patient feels the onset of "off" symptoms, they should use this product immediately, inhaling two 42mg capsules at a time (totaling 84mg). The maximum dose for each "off" phase is 84mg, and the maximum recommended daily dose is 420mg.

Standard Inhalation Procedure

Step - by - step usage guide:

Remove the capsule from the aluminum blister pack only immediately before use.

Load the capsule vertically into the dedicated inhaler.

After exhaling deeply, tightly hold the mouthpiece and inhale quickly and deeply.

Hold your breath for 5 seconds, then exhale slowly.

This medication must be used in combination with carbidopa; it is ineffective when used alone.

Administration Time and Frequency

The administration time of levodopa inhalation powder should be determined based on the occurrence of the patient's "off" symptoms. When the patient feels the onset of symptoms, they should use this product immediately.

What are the Side Effects of Levodopa Inhalation Powder?

Understanding the adverse reactions of levodopa inhalation powder is helpful for early identification and intervention, and for ensuring medication safety.

Respiratory Symptoms

Since levodopa inhalation powder is administered by inhalation and acts directly on the respiratory tract, it may cause a series of respiratory symptoms. Bronchospasm is a relatively severe adverse reaction that can lead to difficulty breathing in patients and even be life - threatening. Cough, throat irritation, and dyspnea are also common respiratory side effects.

Gastrointestinal Symptoms

Gastrointestinal symptoms are among the common side effects of levodopa inhalation powder. Patients may experience symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and constipation. These symptoms may be related to the drug's stimulation of the gastrointestinal tract or the metabolic process of the drug in the body. Long - term use or overuse may increase the risk of gastrointestinal discomfort. Most of these symptoms are mild and do not affect the continuation of treatment.

Medication for Special Populations of Levodopa Inhalation Powder

Individualized medication strategies need to be developed for different populations to balance efficacy and risks.

Elderly Patients

For patients aged > 75 years:

The initial dose should be halved (42mg).

The maximum number of uses per day is limited to 3 times.

Enhanced fall prevention measures should be taken.

Patients with Hepatic or Renal Impairment

Medication principles:

Mild hepatic impairment: Reduce the dose by 25%.

Moderate to severe hepatic impairment: Contraindicated.

Glomerular filtration rate < 30: Monitor creatinine levels.

Family members should supervise the medication use of patients with a history of mental illness.